起重機司機的一般安全操作要求
一、相關(guān)人員應(yīng)認(rèn)真交接班，仔細(xì)檢查吊鉤、鋼絲繩、制動器、安全保護裝置的可靠性，發(fā)現(xiàn)異常情況及時報告。
二、開機作業(yè)前，應(yīng)確認(rèn)以下條件處于安全狀態(tài)后再開機。
(1)所有控制器是否設(shè)置為零。
(2)起重機上及工作區(qū)域內(nèi)是否有無關(guān)人員，操作人員是否撤離到安全區(qū)域。
(3)起重機工作范圍內(nèi)是否有未移走的障礙物？
(4）起重機與其他設(shè)備或固定建筑物的最小距離是否超過0.5米。
(5)電源斷路器是否鎖定或有警告標(biāo)志。
(6)移動式起重機是否按要求平整了場地，并將支腿鋪設(shè)牢固可靠。
三、開車前，必須鳴鐘或警告；作業(yè)中接近人員時，應(yīng)間斷鳴鐘或警告。
四、駕駛員在正常作業(yè)時，不得有下列行為。
(1)使用允許位置限制器進行停車。
(2)利用倒車進行制動。
(3)在吊裝作業(yè)中進行檢查和維護。
(4)帶負(fù)荷調(diào)整吊裝和變幅機構(gòu)的制動器，或帶負(fù)荷增加操作范圍。
(5）吊物不得越過人的頭部，人不得站在吊物和吊桿下。
五、嚴(yán)格按照指揮信號操作，緊急停車信號，無論誰發(fā)出，都必須立即執(zhí)行。
第六，當(dāng)?shù)跹b載荷接近或達(dá)到額定值時，或吊裝危險品（液態(tài)金屬、有害物質(zhì)、易燃易爆物品）時，吊裝前要認(rèn)真檢查制動器，并以小高度、短行程試吊，確認(rèn)無問題后再吊裝。
第七，起重機各部分、吊重及輔助設(shè)備與輸電線路的最小距離應(yīng)符合安全要求。
第八，在下列情況下，司機不應(yīng)操作。
(1) Crane structure or parts (such as hooks, wire ropes, brakes, safety protection devices, etc.) have defects and damages that affect safe work;
(2) The hanging object is overloaded or may be overloaded, the weight of the hanging object is unclear, it is buried or frozen in the ground, and it is squeezed by other objects, and it is not allowed to slant it during operation;
(3) The hanging object is not firmly tied or hanging unstable, and there is no padding between the corners of the heavy object and the sling; there are people or floating objects on the hanging object;
(4) The work site is dark, and the site, hanging objects or command signals cannot be clearly seen.
Ninth, when there is a sudden power failure during work, all controllers should be reset to zero, and the main power supply should be turned off. Before restarting work, check whether the crane works normally, and then operate normally after confirming safety.
Tenth, if there are two sets of main and auxiliary hoisting mechanisms, it is not allowed to use the main and auxiliary hooks to work at the same time (special cranes allowed by the design go out).
Eleventh, when two or more cranes are used to lift the same heavy object, each crane shall not be overloaded. During the transfer process, the wire rope should be kept vertical and the operation should be synchronized. When hoisting, relevant responsible technicians and safety technicians should be present for guidance.
Twelfth, rail cranes operating in the open air should stop working when the wind force is greater than level 6; when the work is over, the cranes should be anchored.
